广东石油化工学院学报

以茂名盆地露天矿生态公园北侧白垩系铜鼓岭组、始新统上垌组两条野外地质剖面为研究对象，基于岩性、岩石成分、结构成熟度、沉积构造、沉积演化分析入手，开展沉积相划分和沉积环境探讨，取得如下结论：(1)上垌组剖面属于典型的扇三角洲沉积，纵向沉积序列可划分为扇三角洲平原亚相的辫状分流河道与沼泽两种微相；其中，在剖面下段顶部出现了反递变层理，反映了扇三角洲进积背景下的水动力增强。(2)铜鼓岭组剖面表现为以滩砂沉积为主，自下而上可识别出冲积扇相中的河道微相、湖泊相中的沼泽微相和滩砂微相；其中，滩砂微相水平层理发育，以中、厚层粉-细砂岩呈现，上段和下段泥质含量差异大。(3)铜鼓岭组剖面总体表现为下粗上细的正旋回沉积序列，并存在至少3期滩砂和沼泽的旋回互层沉积。研究结果丰富了茂名盆地白垩系铜鼓岭组、始新统上垌组等沉积认识，也为类似储层提供了参考。

This study focuses on two field geological profiles of the Cretaceous Tongguling Formation and the Upper Eocene Shangdong Formation located on the northern side of the open pit mine ecological park in the Maoming Basin. Through a comprehensive analysis of lithology,rock composition,structural maturity,sedimentary structures,and sedimentary evolution,this research conducts a detailed division of sedimentary facies and explores the sedimentary environment,leading to the following conclusions. First,the Shangdong Formation represents a typical fan delta deposition. Vertically,the sedimentary sequence can be subdivided into two microfacies: braided distributary channels and marshes within the fan delta plain sub facies. Notably,an inverse stratification occurs at the top of the lower part of the profile,reflecting enhanced hydrodynamic conditions during fan delta accumulation. Second,the Tongguling Formation profile is predominantly characterized by beach sand deposition. From bottom to top,the alluvial fan phase's river microfacies,the lacustrine phase's marsh microfacies,and the beach sand microfacies can be identified. Among these,the horizontal bedding of the beach sand microfacies is well-developed,presenting as medium-to thick-bedded siltstone to fine sandstone with significant variations in sediment content between the upper and lower sections. Overall,the Tongguling Formation exhibits a normal grading sedimentary sequence that transitions from coarser grains at the base to finer grains at the top,with at least three interbedded cycles of beach sand and marsh deposits. This research enriches the understanding of sedimentary characteristics for the Cretaceous Tongguling Formation and the Upper Eocene Shangdong Formation in the Maoming Basin and provides valuable references for analogous reservoir studies.